• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a solar collector with an air superheater with burnable fluid injectors. Said solar collector consists in a double solar radiation collector, both collectors having a cone shape, between which the air flows from a compressor, into a tight chamber which is closed by means of the upper cone, outer envelope and a crystal, leaving a passage for the air between the outer cone and the inner cone to the tight region. The crystal lets the radiation through to project onto the inner collector which heats up, in turn heating the air that flows through from the compressor and directing same to a heat exchanger (or superheater), via which the air passes through some openings, transferring the high temperature obtained with a lens that is arranged in the centre of the crystal and concentrates the solar radiation, to a larger extent, onto the heat exchanger in a frustoconical form. The heat exchanger has various ducts which, communicating with a pump, or by means of the pressure of the burnable gas or fluids themselves, guide same to injectors. This function, whereby any type of fuel is used, is only used in the event that an electronic control circuit detects a reduction in the volumetric pressure or a decrease in the temperature.
    公开号:ES2540919A1
    申请号:ES201590006
    申请日:2013-06-13
    公开日:2015-07-14
    发明作者:Jonas Villarrubia Ruiz
    申请人:Jonas Villarrubia Ruiz；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    DESCRIPTION
    Solar collector with over-heater with injectors of combustible fluids of different density:
    OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
    The object of the invention, as expressed in the statement of this specification, refers to a novel system for capturing solar irradiation and converting it into thermal energy. This system also carries a receiver component at the bottom of the conical trunk: a black spherical cap-shaped body for use as a heat exchanger, among other functions, which receives more solar radiation and for which, in inside, the air from a compressor passes, after having been heated by the walls of the double-wall conical trunk receiver, where it is overheated and already passes with great kinetic power to the blades of a turbine to transmit mechanical movement to different equipment such as Electric generators. It also has the object of this invention to provide, through the perforated spherical end piece for its passage of air, passage to different fuels, of different density, both fossils and biofuels towards the injectors, when the sun, through the whatever causes, stop radiating. For this, an electronic circuit, of the many on the market applicable for this purpose, detects the variant of pressure, heat or torque and activates the pump or the sluice gate of the gas or other fuel and fills the intermediate chamber, distributing the fuel by All the ducts. Whether the object of the invention is to achieve greater efficiency in the production of energy by the reception and concentration of solar irradiation, and by means of the new component in the background as a black body and its characteristics already described as a fuel injector, to be able to produce energy 24 hours a day
    BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    The present invention uses elements as well known as heliostats or parables of concentration of solar irradiation, these are many and very varied in their different structures which can be used to concentrate radiation in the collector. They are also publicly known solar collectors, direct or reflected by parabolas or heliostats, which convert the heat they receive in the conversion of water or other fluids that circulate inside steam or superheated fluids to be used in heat exchangers. heat or other energy exchange techniques. Also known are solar irradiation receivers that heat the air by means of metal spirals, air that circulates inside or through containers in order to reach a large volume and pressure to exert energy on very diverse mechanical elements, such as Patent of the same inventor P201290056. There is also a great diversity of injectors with a wide technical spectrum, as well as electrical and electronic equipment or circuits that are charged with the ignition of the fuels that are emitted in the equipment in which they are installed.
    However, the meaning of this invention is to improve with new and novel characteristics the types of solar receivers in which the fluid to be heated is the air, and in order to get better use of the solar irradiation of the collector, object of part of the patent P2012290067 of the same inventor and that with this new novelty in the technique that is used in this invention, as indicated, improves the efficiency of the solar irradiation received from its previous inventions derived from the same function of utilization of solar radiation.
    DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    SOLAR SENSOR WITH OVER-HEATER WITH FUEL INJECTORS OF DIFFERENT DENSITY: The present invention relates to a double funnel shaped solar collector in which the inner cone, or of less diameter, is the one that receives the solar rays, and that by means of a crystal, with a central lens, it distributes the radiation received on its surface, whether it is emitted by means of paraboloid bodies or by heliostats, that concentrate the radiation at the entrance of the receiver, to which a system of adaptation has been adapted overheating in the bottom cone or smaller diameter in the shape of a cone trunk, with a spherical cap bottom. This new element that forms this system is a piece with multiple holes or ducts where, thanks to the central lens, it concentrates the greatest amount of solar rays and through which it is forced to pass the air that, coming from the compressor, of the model that However, this air is heated to a greater extent than the one received, so that when it expands, it expels and exerts a kinetic force on a motor turbine and this in turn transmits it to different generators that require mechanical force or electricity generation equipment.
    The Collector is composed of a double wall that divides the passage of air that receives from the compressor and that forces it to pass between these two walls: the upper wall is a semi-isolated in its entire circumference with a ceramic accumulator to maintain the temperature and the wall lower is the one that receives part of the solar irradiation and that in contact with the air heats it in the direction of the motor turbine. This air, already at high temperature, is forced to pass through the multiple holes of the body of the super-heater, which as we said receives the concentration of solar irradiation to a greater extent, increases the temperature of the air and at higher pressure and temperature is expelled towards the blades of the motor turbine and this converts both energies into kinetic energy and that, with its mechanical movement, transfers it to different services or jobs such as an electric generator. It is novelty that this body that closes the passage to the air, without strangling it, in the lower cone of the bottom and that has multiple holes through which the air passes, has an envelope that surrounds the superheater and that communicates with internal ducts in the over-heater and leading to injectors. The envelope has, in addition to the communication with ducts and injectors, an external communication through which it can be fed with different gases or combustible fluids of different density. Said external communication, depending on the pressure that is required so that the injection of these gases and combustible fluids is possessed of sufficient precise kilocalories to heat the air that leaves through the holes of the super-heater, while the latter does not receive the solar or precise radiation of the external fuels for being momentarily interrupted by solar energy, and reaching the temperature in the air, we said that said external communication would be interspersed, if necessary with a pump in order to reach the fuel pressure, on the injectors, that is required to reach the temperature of the air that is required for the work to be done of the mechanical elements to which they are applied. The injectors would be interchangeable in order to adapt to the fluid used in each installation.
    TECHNICAL PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED
    This invention, the equipment described therein, has been developed in order to achieve greater efficiency of solar irradiation received by the collectors, in which the fluid to be heated is the air, either by the means Reflectors that are those that are used: heliostats or paraboloid discs, these are used to heat said fluids, expand them by their heat and take advantage of them to convert them into kinetic energy on mechanical equipment such as the blades of a turbine. The solar radiation receiving equipment ceases to be effective as soon as the radiation decreases, when the clouds cover the sun or at night. What this team does is solve this technical problem since it is prepared to, with great effectiveness, continue to provide heat energy during those hours without solar radiation with fuels of different density with the greatest possible effectiveness, as well as improve convection efficiency of solar radiation in its conversion to heat energy.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    In Figure 01 we can see a cut of the cause object of this invention with all its characteristics. In figure 02, the object and component that has several functions such as receiving the greatest amount of radiation and also receiving and distributing the combustible fluids that are applied in the hours of zero or low solar radiation can be seen more clearly, In short, it is a heat exchanger with injectors included to expel combustible fluids, we will define it in the memory as the object of figure 02. All the equipment is covered within a preferably circular container. The glass developed for pressures and high temperatures (17) tightly closes the collector through which it receives solar irradiation (the horizontal arrows inside (20) and (19) simulate solar radiation) that are projected onto the inner cone (8) , a piece that is preferably circular (but that could be in any way that saves the purpose it is intended), which is a cone of a metal of great thermal transmissibility and resistant to high temperatures, as it could be an example: an alloy of molybdenum, copper and tungsten normally used, which is followed by low expansion due to thermal variation. These walls of the cone (8) that perceives solar radiation, which are represented by the arrows (19), are heated and transmit their temperature by convention to the air coming from a compressor circulates through a conduit (9), conduit that surrounds all the cavity from the compressor that fits, until the exit to the cone (8), where the air at high temperature flows into the hermetic chamber formed by the walls of the upper cone (7) and the front glass (17). The walls of the cone (7) are lined with a ceramic material (18) that act as a heat accumulator in order to avoid sudden variations in temperature. On the ceramic material (18), in all its circumference and closing its entire assembly is an insulator (6) that prevents heat losses to the outside that would happen, if the ceramic material (18) were in contact with the ambient air . In order to achieve a higher temperature in the convergent center of the cone formed by its walls (8) and (7), where at its bottom of the inner cone (8) there is a visible black body with more detail in the figure 02, with the shape of a spherical cap in its cavity (14), the lens (10) that is attached in the center on the glass that closes the sealed chamber between
    (17) and (7), concentrates the solar irradiation, which is represented by the arrow (20), over the entire surface of the bottom (14) of the black body of Figure 02 which has the function of acting as an air-heater or other fluid that passes through its multiple holes (3). This body of figure 02 is crossed by multiple holes (3) that pass through it from the hermetic chamber formed between the cone (7) and the glass (17) and the outlet of the superheated fluid
    (eleven) in the direction of a mechanical element, in this case the blades of a turbine (12), which we have chosen as an example and that will be applied by means of an axis (13) to a generator or mechanical equipment that requires kinetic energy.
    For the purpose of use in hours without radiation, the black body of Figure 02 has different ducts (4) that from a common chamber (2), for all ducts (4), projects the fluids that apply with the pump (16) of figure 02 and entering it through the duct (15). The pump (16) only acts in case there is not enough or no solar radiation, which is controlled by the temperature sensor (29), sending the information of the variations to the input (21) of the electronic control module (25) of figure 03. Through the connection
    (2. 3) of the module (25) electrical energy is sent to the cables (27) for the start-up of the pump (16), and in turn by the connection (24) of the electronic module (25) to the electric valve or key (26 ), this opens the fuel fluid inlet that directs through the ducts (1), the common chamber (2) that flows into the ducts (4) and directs them to the injectors (5); it is then that the ignition of the combustible fluid is caused by the circuit (28) that provides an electric arc, energy that comes from the module (25) through (22) .. The air
    coming from the multiple holes (3), conductors of the air that arrives from an external compressor through the duct (9) exits between the outer cone (7) and the inner cone (8) to the hermetic chamber formed by the outer cone ( 7) and the glass that closes the chamber (17), is heated to a very high temperature and that its expansion is used by some mechanical element, in this case an example of a motor turbine (12) is given to perform a job mechanic.
    DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
    For the realization of the collector or cone (8) and the exchanger of Figure 02, which is located in the convergent bottom of the inner cone (8), materials of a well-defined alloy must be used to support high temperatures, practically zero oxidation. with the air and low expansion before the variations of the high temperatures. The temperature of the inner cone (8) could withstand temperatures of one thousand one hundred degrees Celsius on average. These materials require high thermal conductivity such as copper, which supports high temperature such as molybdenum and tungsten, but due to the low effectiveness at copper temperatures and oxidation of molybdenum at high temperature in contact with oxygen, it is necessary to perform a material in which the three components are combined in just measure. The general composition of the object figure described herein would preferably be circular. The outer layer, which wraps around the entire object, must be made of a sheath of material resistant to the inclement weather of the meteors: water, wind, corrosion and temperatures in environments of high solar radiation or below zero. The interior of this outer envelope should be covered with a layer of insulating material (6) that is immediately followed in another layer of ceramic material (18) suitable for storing the heat that would emit the external sensor (7) that comes from the internal sensor (8) of the air that is conducted through the duct (9). This ceramic material (18) will surround the first cone-shaped layer (7) in the form of a cone which, in its convergent part, said cone (7) extends in a tube to the assembly at the air inlet of a compressor. Everything exposed, inside, the inner cone (8) would be placed leaving a space (9) between the outer cone (7) and the inner cone (8). Inside the cone (8), in the convergent part, is where the object of figure 02 would be installed. This object would be made up of various chambers and ducts: Gas inlet
    or combustible liquids (1), the common chamber (2) through which it would communicate through all the internal ducts (4) that would flow into the injectors (5). The object of figure 02 of conical trunk shape (14) would be crossed by a multitude of holes (3), enough for the superheated air to circulate freely through them, but in close contact so that, by convection the heat received from the object of the Figure 02, will pass into the air that is conducted by said holes (3). The air outlet would be evacuated through a circular duct to which mechanical elements that took advantage of the kinetic energy caused by the expansion of the air when heated could be coupled. To create a tight space that would force the air coming from a compressor through the ducts (9) to the object of Figure 02, the cone (7) would close in its entire circumference of a glass (17). This crystal, so that the object of Figure 02, in its conical trunk cavity receives more solar radiation and reaches a higher temperature, a lens (10) is installed, it could be a Fresnel lens. Finally, for nighttime hours or without enough solar radiation, the temperature or volumetric sensor that would be installed in (29) governed by the electronic module (25) of Figure 03, a pump (16) would detect the radiation drop It would pump, depending on which flammable fluid is fed, with a defined pressure the fuel to the injectors (5). That its ignition would also be in charge of the electronic module (25) causing an arc in (28)
    权利要求:
    Claims (1)
    [1]
    1ª.-SOLAR CAPTOR WITH OVER-HEATER WITH FUEL FLUID INJECTORS OF DIFFERENT DENSITY:
    According to the descriptive report: solar collector with overheater with injectors of combustible fluids of different density, which incorporates as a further element the turbine and a component that performs three functions: overheating by solar radiation, heating the air than through its orifices It happens that comes from the compressor and in the hours without sun incorporates injectors for use with various fuels.
    Characterized by
    -incorporate two metallic pick-up elements, which form, as an example in its copper alloy, for its conductivity, molybdenum, for its low expansion and tungsten for its heat resistance, both circular and having a cone shape: outer cone (7) and cone inside (8), one inside the other leaving a space between them through which a fluid passes through. Both cones would be connected forming a duct (9) where the passage of air under pressure would be calculated by virtue of the kinetic power to be generated, from a compressor. This duct (9) is formed by the extension of the two ducts, from the converging part of the outer cone (7) to the compressor inlet and the inner duct extending the cone (8) which in the convergent part joins a wall of a cylinder that surrounds and tightly closes the passage, forcing fluids, such as air, to pass through the conduits made to an over-heater heat exchanger, sun air, which has the concave shape (14) to avoid reflection and loss of solar radiation it receives.
    -incorporate, in the collector, after the exchanger with the face to the solar radiation that converge in it (14) coming from the lens (10) the motor turbine (12) with the axis (13) that goes to the compressor, forming a whole same team.
    -incorporate a glass lens (17) to the collector at the solar radiation inlet, which closes the passage to the outside air and, likewise, closes the inner chamber that would form it the glass (17) with the external sensor cone (7) . The glass (17), in its center has the lens (10) installed in the form of a lens with the shape over the sun's rays, so that a greater part of the solar irradiation, due to its shape (10), is directed to the center where the solar rays converge in the center of the heat exchanger (14).
    -incorporate a ceramic accumulator (18) along the outer periphery of the external collector cone (7) followed by an insulator layer (6) on its exterior that protects it from escaping or losing heat to the outside.
    -incorporate a pump (16) into the solar collector, powered by the current output (23) of the module (25), which pumps the fluid or fluids of different fuels depending on the energy needs.
    2nd SOLAR RECEIVER WITH OVER-HEATER WITH FUEL FLUID INJECTORS OF DIFFERENT DENSITY:
    According to claim 1 characterized by
    -incorporate at the bottom of the cone of the inner collector (8) a heat exchanger or metal over-heater that forms a set consisting of: a receiving duct of combustible fluids (1), by an intermediate chamber (2) studied to match the pressure of the fluid on the ducts (4) and so that they flow into the injectors (5) at the same pressure and quantity, these are interchangeable depending on the fluid to be injected. This exchanger would receive solar irradiation, like a black body, in the breast (14). In the whole face (14) that conforms the conical trunk shape, it is crossed by holes (3) that cross it from the face
    6
    with conical trunk shape to the chamber (11), where the fluids pass at high temperature so that they receive heat by convection.
    -incorporate an electronic control module (25) to the solar collector, to control the solar radiation that through the sensor (29) on the input (21) informs the electronic control module 5 that acts by applying, in the absence of a uniform temperature or of a calculated pressure, current to the pump (16) by the current input (27), as well as by the output of the electronic module (24) and with the opening of the bypass valve (26), opens the passage to fuel fluid, and that once the fuel injection has begun through the conduits (1) to the intermediate chamber (2), to the conduits (4) to end in the injectors (5). By the exit of
    10 voltage (22) the electronic control module acts on a circuit (28) that produces an arc that initiates the ignition; the sensor (29) indicates to the module (25) if the pressure is equalized, after the gas has been ignited, serving as a safety circuit in case of failure, then closing the gas flow and feeding to the pump.
    7
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    AR092771A4|2015-04-29|
    ES2540919B1|2016-04-26|
    WO2014057149A9|2014-06-26|
    ES1077936Y|2013-01-29|
    WO2014057149A1|2014-04-17|
    ES1077936U|2012-10-30|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US4509333A|1983-04-15|1985-04-09|Sanders Associates, Inc.|Brayton engine burner|
    IL108559A|1988-09-19|1998-03-10|Ormat|Method of and apparatus for producing power using compressed air|
    DE20303679U1|2003-03-03|2003-10-02|Tevkuer Talip|Solar convection turbine driving e.g. pump or compressor, has casing with cylindrical, conical and cylindrical sections transitioning into each other|
    WO2011077248A2|2009-12-23|2011-06-30|Goebel, Olaf|Combined cycle solar power generation|
    EP2601392A2|2010-08-06|2013-06-12|ALSTOM Technology Ltd|Solar tower with integrated gas turbine|WO2019058148A2|2017-08-01|2019-03-28|Fakon Vállalkozási Kft.|High- efficiency apparatus and process to utilize solar power, particularly for water withdrawal|
    法律状态:
    2016-04-26| FG2A| Definitive protection|Ref document number: 2540919 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: B1 Effective date: 20160426 |
    2017-07-25| GC2A| Exploitation certificate registered application with search report|Effective date: 20170719 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ES201231061U|ES1077936Y|2012-10-12|2012-10-12|SOLAR CAPTOR WITH OVER-HEATER WITH FUEL DENSITY FUEL INJECTORS|
    PCT/ES2013/070384|WO2014057149A1|2012-10-12|2013-06-13|Solar collector with a superheater with injectors of burnable fluids of different densities|
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